1

報(bào)告人:姜慧,大連理工大學(xué)

時(shí)間:3月25日(周二)14:30

單位:中國科學(xué)院物理研究所

地點(diǎn):M830

摘要:

非厄米系統(tǒng)中的一個(gè)突破性發(fā)現(xiàn)顯示,非厄米性可重新定義晶格的有效維度,挑戰(zhàn)了傳統(tǒng)關(guān)于維度與布里淵區(qū)關(guān)系的理解。我們基于對(duì)高維非厄米系統(tǒng)的新研究方法,提出了“維度嬗變”的概念,即非厄米系統(tǒng)中的有效維度可低于其物理維度。該現(xiàn)象通常出現(xiàn)在高維具有“糾纏”結(jié)構(gòu)的一般晶格中,表現(xiàn)為基態(tài)在低維有效布里淵區(qū)中的正交分布,顯著區(qū)別于傳統(tǒng)布洛赫態(tài)與皮膚態(tài)。我們進(jìn)一步提出了新型繞數(shù),刻畫了該維度嬗變中的拓?fù)涮卣?。該研究不僅推動(dòng)了對(duì)現(xiàn)有拓?fù)?/a>分類體系的重新審視,也為探索高維非厄米系統(tǒng)中的新奇相和動(dòng)力學(xué)行為提供了全新理論框架。相關(guān)成果已發(fā)表在《Physical Review Letters》(Phys. Rev. Lett., 131, 076401)。

2

報(bào)告人:TakahiroTanaka,KyotoUniversity

時(shí)間:3月25日(周二)14:30

單位:中國科學(xué)院理論物理研究所

地點(diǎn):北樓322

摘要:

In cosmological perturbation theory loop corrections are often neglected. However,there is an issue of bad IR behavior in a naive treatment of loop corrections. We discuss a solution of this problem,which is provided by respecting the symmetry of the spatial diffeomorphism invariance.

報(bào)告人簡介:

Takahiro Tanaka(田中貴浩)于1995年在日本京都大學(xué)取得理學(xué)博士學(xué)位,現(xiàn)任日本京都大學(xué)教授。他長期活躍于引力、宇宙學(xué)、天體粒子物理學(xué)的多個(gè)領(lǐng)域,在國際學(xué)術(shù)期刊上發(fā)表相關(guān)學(xué)術(shù)論文250余篇,累計(jì)引用2.3萬余次,其中單篇引用500次以上的論文有11篇,h-index為78。Tanaka教授是日本地面引力波探測計(jì)劃KAGRA理論部首席科學(xué)家。他在引力宇宙學(xué)領(lǐng)域一些重要學(xué)術(shù)期刊如《經(jīng)典與量子引力》(CQG)、《理論與實(shí)驗(yàn)物理進(jìn)展》(PTEP)擔(dān)任編委。他曾獲得湯川-木村理論物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)(2007)、大和日英獎(jiǎng)(2010)、日本學(xué)士院學(xué)術(shù)獎(jiǎng)(2012)、日本學(xué)術(shù)振興會(huì)獎(jiǎng)(2012)等重要學(xué)術(shù)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),并于2013年當(dāng)選為國際廣義相對(duì)論和引力學(xué)會(huì)(ISGRG)會(huì)士。

3

報(bào)告人:堯江明,Sun Yat-sen University

時(shí)間:3月25日(周二)15:30

單位:中國科學(xué)院理論物理研究所

地點(diǎn):北樓202

摘要:

The shell structure and magic numbers are cornerstone concepts in nuclear physics, crucial for understanding the stability and structure of atomic nuclei. These magic numbers have been attributed to a strong spin-orbit (SO) interaction within the nucleon single-particle potential, resulting in a pronounced energy splitting between spin doublets. Despite its importance, the microscopic origin of the substantial SO interaction, particularly from free-space realistic nuclear forces, remains unresolved. In this study, we investigate the evolution of nuclear shell structure as a function of the momentum resolution of nuclear forces derived from chiral effective field theory. Our results reveal the novel picture of transition from spin symmetry to pseudospin symmetry in nuclear shell structure as nuclear forces are evolved to lower energy scales. This picture is also exhibited in the study based on relativistic one-boson-exchange potentials. These findings provide a novel explanation for the origin of magic numbers in low-energy nuclear shell structure and open new avenues for investigating the change of shell structure in nuclei far from the stability line.

報(bào)告人簡介:

堯江明,中山大學(xué)物理與天文學(xué)院教授。2004年獲得南開大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位, 2009年獲得北京大學(xué)粒子物理與核物理專業(yè)博士學(xué)位。先后在西南大學(xué)、布魯塞爾自由大學(xué)、日本東北大學(xué)、北卡羅來納大學(xué)教堂山分校和密歇根州立大學(xué)從事科研工作。2021年入職中山大學(xué)擔(dān)任全職教授。堯教授主要從事原子核結(jié)構(gòu)與衰變等方面課題研究,先后發(fā)展了原子核多參考態(tài)協(xié)變密度泛函理論以及介質(zhì)生成坐標(biāo)方法,并將其應(yīng)用于原子集體激發(fā)以及無中微子雙貝塔衰變等課題研究,首次在手征有效場論框架下實(shí)現(xiàn)了候選核無中微子雙貝塔衰變核矩陣元的從頭計(jì)算。在Physical Review Letters,Physics Letters B, Physical Review C等主流物理期刊上發(fā)表論文100余篇,受邀在Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics期刊撰寫相關(guān)綜述論文。

4

報(bào)告人:付晨光,浙江大學(xué)

時(shí)間:3月26日(周三)10:00

單位:中國科學(xué)院理論物理研究所

地點(diǎn):北樓322

摘要:

Different from metals and alloys, lnorganic semiconductors are generally brittle at room temperature due to directional chemical bonds. The recent revelation of room-temperature plasticity in a handful of semiconductors,such as Ag2S, ZnS, and InSe, has aroused great interest from the material science community, Here, we report our recent studies on the plastic deformation mechanism of inorganic semiconductors Ag,Te..S., in which the Te/S sublattice amorphization, coupled with Ag-ion diffusion, is responsible for the large deformability, Once subject to external stress, the crystalline Te/S sublattice undergoes a uniform transformation into an amorphous state, whereas the Ag cations continuously bond with Te/sanions, endowing bulk Ag,Te,S,with exceptional plastic deformability. Furthermore, this sublattice amorphization can be reversed to crystals through simple annealing, enlightening the iterative sublattice amorphization strategy, with which metal-like wire drawing, curving, forging, and ultrahigh ductility have been obtained. These results will drive further exploration of more plastic inorganic semiconductors and their applications in flexible electronics.

報(bào)告人簡介:

付晨光,浙江大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院百人計(jì)劃研究員,博導(dǎo)。2016年博士畢業(yè)于浙江大學(xué),隨后在“洪堡學(xué)者”獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金資助下在德國馬普固體化學(xué)物理研究所從事博士后研究,2020年入職浙主要研究方向?yàn)榘雽?dǎo)體熱電材料、拓?fù)淞孔硬牧系臒犭娦?yīng)大。等。以第一或通訊作者發(fā)表論文40余篇,其中Science1篇,NatPhys.1篇,Nat. Mater. 1篇,Nat. Commun.4篇。獲國家優(yōu)青(海外)項(xiàng)目、2024年國際熱電學(xué)會(huì)Young Investigator Award。

5

報(bào)告人:Prof. Takahiro Tanaka ,Kyoto University

時(shí)間:3月26日(周三)15:30

單位:北京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院

地點(diǎn):物理西樓B105

摘要:

We will discuss the super radiance instability aroundrotating black holes, taking into account the effects of self-interaction and the tidal perturbation. We also discuss theimplication to gravitational waves from axion clouds as wel asthe binaryinspiral.

6

報(bào)告人:饒梓元,上海交通大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院

時(shí)間:3月27日(周四)10:00

單位:中國科學(xué)院物理研究所

地點(diǎn):物理所M樓253

摘要:

生成式人工智能與大模型的出現(xiàn)大大增強(qiáng)了機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能在材料設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用潛力。以AlphaFold在蛋白質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)預(yù)測中的成功為例,展示了生成式人工智能揭示材料成分、結(jié)構(gòu)與性能復(fù)雜關(guān)系的強(qiáng)大能力。然而,合金設(shè)計(jì)的挑戰(zhàn)更為復(fù)雜,面臨更廣的成分空間、更復(fù)雜的合成工藝和更深?yuàn)W的內(nèi)在機(jī)理,加上實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)集相對(duì)有限,進(jìn)一步提高了該領(lǐng)域人工智能應(yīng)用的難度。將最先進(jìn)的人工智能技術(shù)引入合金設(shè)計(jì),可有效提升設(shè)計(jì)效率、縮短實(shí)驗(yàn)周期并揭示潛在機(jī)理,這是當(dāng)下的重要課題。本報(bào)告首先簡述如何在小數(shù)據(jù)集條件下利用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)加速合金設(shè)計(jì),包括通過機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)成功開發(fā)出近零熱膨脹高熵因瓦合金和提升鎂合金抗腐蝕能力等實(shí)例。隨后,展示了大語言模型在文本挖掘、材料領(lǐng)域?qū)I(yè)大模型的微調(diào)和檢索增強(qiáng)中的應(yīng)用,特別是在鎂合金設(shè)計(jì)與相圖研究中的具體作用。

報(bào)告人簡介:

饒梓元,上海交通大學(xué)副教授,海外優(yōu)秀青年科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目及上海領(lǐng)軍人才(海外)獲得者。德國亞琛工業(yè)大學(xué)博士,德國馬普所鋼鐵研究所博士后及研究組組長,2024年7月回國加入上海交通大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院。長期從事基于人工智能的材料科學(xué)研究。近幾年因瓦合金、磁性合金、高溫合金和高熵合金等前沿領(lǐng)域做出一系列重要研究成果。已在Science等系列期刊發(fā)表論文30余篇。

7

報(bào)告人:任清勇,中國散裂中子源/中國科學(xué)院高能物理研究所

時(shí)間:3月27日(周四)10:00

單位:中國科學(xué)院物理研究所

地點(diǎn):M236會(huì)議室

摘要:

波是振動(dòng)和能量傳播的重要形式,波在不同介質(zhì)中的傳播表現(xiàn)出不同的特性。在連續(xù)均勻的理想氣體或液體介質(zhì)中,波具有單一的傳播速度,頻率與波矢的關(guān)系比較簡單,表現(xiàn)出無色散的特性。但在具有離散周期性的固體中,晶格的振動(dòng)頻率與波矢之間存在明顯的依賴關(guān)系或色散關(guān)系,傳播速度不再是單一的,被稱為格波。格波具有量子化特性,在凝聚態(tài)物理中被描述為聲子準(zhǔn)粒子。格波或聲子是固體傳熱的主要形式之一,也是熱功能材料的重要研究內(nèi)容。中子散射技術(shù)兼具大動(dòng)量/能量探測范圍和高動(dòng)量/能量分辨能力,是從晶格動(dòng)力學(xué)角度研究材料熱輸運(yùn)性質(zhì)最有效的手段之一。本次報(bào)告將以三個(gè)具有多重亞晶格結(jié)構(gòu)熱電材料為例介紹中子散射技術(shù)在材料熱輸運(yùn)性質(zhì)研究中的應(yīng)用,闡述晶格非諧性及其調(diào)控在熱輸運(yùn)過程中的重要作用。

報(bào)告人簡介:

任清勇,中國科學(xué)院高能物理研究所副研究員。2016年12月畢業(yè)于澳大利亞新南威爾士大學(xué),獲凝聚態(tài)物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位;2017年3月至2020年8月在上海交通大學(xué)物理與天文學(xué)院從事博士后研究工作。于2020年9月,加入中國科學(xué)院高能物理研究所/中國散裂中子源。參與建成我國首臺(tái)直接幾何非彈性中子散射飛行時(shí)間譜儀,并開展基于中子散射技術(shù)的物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)與晶格動(dòng)力學(xué)前沿研究。研究興趣包括有序-無序相變、聲子熱輸運(yùn)、磁/壓/彈卡材料等的復(fù)雜晶格動(dòng)力學(xué)耦合行為。在Nat. Mater., Nat. Phys., Nat. Commun., Sci. Adv.等發(fā)表論文40余篇。

8

報(bào)告人:劉子文,清華大學(xué)丘成桐數(shù)學(xué)科學(xué)中心

時(shí)間:3月27日(周四)15:10

單位:北京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院

地點(diǎn):物理學(xué)院西樓B105

摘要:

Quantum codes achieving approximate quantum error correction (AQEC) are useful,often fundamentally important,from both practical and physical perspectives but lack a systematic understanding. In this work, we establish general rigorous connections between quantum circuit complexity and approximate quantum error correction (AQEC) properties, covering both all-to-all and geometric scenarios including lattice systems, through a fundamental code parameter that we dub system variance. This theory of AQEC provides a versatile framework for understanding the quantum complexity and order of many-body quantum systems. In addition to showcasing applications to a wide variety of AQEC codes arising from diverse contexts spanning computer science and physics,we demonstrated how our theory offers new physical insights through the lens of both gapped and gapless systems. Specifically,it enables a longsought rigorous understanding of the gap between strict definitions of gapped topological order and the widely-used long-range entanglement and topological entanglement entropy (TEE) signatures, as well as a discussion of how AQEC codes exhibiting physically significant power-law-error behavior emerge at low energies of conformal field theory (CFT),potentially advancing the understanding of quantum gravity through holography. We observe from various different perspectives that roughly O (1/n) represents a common, physically significant “error scaling threshold” for features associated with nontrivial quantum order,and suggest further studies of "marginal orders" that live close to this threshold. [Ref: Nature Physics 20,1798–1803 (2024) & ongoing]

報(bào)告人簡介:

Zi-Wen Liu joined the faculty of Yau Mathematical Sciences Center, Tsinghua University in 2023, prior to which he was a 5-Year Senior Postdoctoral Fellow at Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. He obtained his PhD in Physics from MIT. His main recent interests are the interactions between quantum information/computation and physics and mathematics.

9

報(bào)告人:Juntai Shen,上海交通大學(xué)

時(shí)間:3月27日(周四)15:30

單位:北京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院

地點(diǎn):KIAA-auditorium

摘要:

As the expansion of the universe continues to accelerate, the internal secular evolution of galaxies becomes more important as the distance between galaxies generally increases. The largest galaxies in the local group provide an ideal laboratory due to their proximity to study the secular evolution processes driven by internal dynamical structures, such as a bar and spiral arms. I will review the key dynamical properties of local group galaxies, how they are distributed along the Hubble sequence, the signatures for ongoing secular evolution, and in turn how we may infer the dynamical properties of a central bar from such signatures. Recent attempts in dynamical modelling of barred galaxies based on stellar and gaseous kinematics are also discussed. venues for classification, prediction, parameter fitting, and forecast.

報(bào)告人簡介:

Juntai Shen is a Distinguished Professor at the Astronomy Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He obtained his PhD in Astronomy from Rutgers University in USA in 2005, he then worked as a Harlan J. Smith Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Texas at Austin from 2005 to 2009, and a Bairen research professor at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, CAS from 2009 to 2019. His research covers a wide range of topics in galactic dynamics, including barred galaxies, galactic warps, dynamical modeling of the Milky Way bulge and its exotic X-shaped structure, and measuring the mass of supermassive black holes in elliptical galaxies through dynamical modeling. Many of his papers have been highlighted by international textbooks and prestigious reviews. He has also been invited as an expert reviewer for various funding agencies worldwide.

10

報(bào)告人:萬賢綱,南京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院

時(shí)間:3月27日(周四)16:00

單位:清華大學(xué)物理系

地點(diǎn):物理樓W101報(bào)告廳

摘要:

正如美國普林斯頓大學(xué) P. W. Anderson 教授所說 “It is only slightly overstating the case to say that physics is the study of symmetry.” 對(duì)稱性在物理學(xué)的研究中起著關(guān)鍵性的作用。本講中報(bào)告人將匯報(bào)在拓?fù)湮锢硪约按判泽w系研究方面的進(jìn)展。包括:對(duì) 1651 個(gè)磁性空間群、自旋群的工作;設(shè)計(jì)了具有強(qiáng)自旋軌道耦合效應(yīng)的輕元素體系;以及在拓?fù)浜痛判泽w系方面的一些工作。

報(bào)告人簡介:

萬賢綱,南京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院教授,1990年至2000年在南京大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí),獲得學(xué)士、碩士、博士學(xué)位。2001起在南京大學(xué)歷任講師,副教授,2010年任教授。曾獲2014年度香港大學(xué) Daniel Tsui Fellowship、中國物理學(xué)會(huì)2018-2019年度葉企孫物理獎(jiǎng),2019年獲首屆騰訊基金會(huì)“科學(xué)探索獎(jiǎng)”,2020年獲第二屆全國創(chuàng)新爭先獎(jiǎng)。

封面圖片來源:https://www.163.com/dy/article/IU03ONQL0521F5QQ.html

更多報(bào)告信息:

 對(duì)稱性、合金設(shè)計(jì)、非厄米系統(tǒng)、黑洞 | 本周物理講座
打開網(wǎng)易新聞 查看更多視頻
對(duì)稱性、合金設(shè)計(jì)、非厄米系統(tǒng)、黑洞 | 本周物理講座

《物理》50年精選文章